An initial randomized, controlled trial shows that Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) plus Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) can improve pathological gambling. For this study, 34 patients were randomly assigned to either medication alone, CBT plus medication, or CBT plus placebo for 16 weeks. Patients who received CBT plus medication improved the fastest. Further study is needed to assess long-term outcomes and other variables. Results were presented at the November, 2006 Canadian Psychiatric Association’s annual meeting.